Love Essays (1600 words) - English-language Films,

Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale, a main character in Nathaniel Hawthorne?s novel The Scarlet Letter, proves to be a sinner against man, against God and most importantly against himself because he has committed adultery with Hester Prynne, resulting in an illegitimate child, Pearl. His sinning against himself, for which he ultimately paid the price of death, proved to be more harmful and more destructive than this sin of the flesh, and his sin against God. Socrates said, ?Know thyself,? and Shakespeare said, ?To thine own self be true.? If Reverend Dimmesdale had been true to himself he certainly wouldn?t have suffered as much as he did. What drove Dimmesdale to hold in his self-condemning truth? To answer this, it?s necessary to examine the whole character of Reverend Dimmesdale while explaining his sinful situation. Dimmesdale is not ignorant, he is very well educated. As Hawthorne states, Rev. Mr. Dimmesdale; a young clergyman who had come from one of the great English universities, bri nging all the learning of the age into our wild forestland. His eloquence and religious fervor had already given the earnest of high eminence in his profession.? (Hawthorne 72) This man?s morals had, until the adultery, been high. He is very spiritual because on top of being of the Puritan faith, he is a minister of the word of God. Throughout most of the novel, Rev. Dimmesdale is forced to hide his guilt of being Hester?s partner in sin. When in reality, he is not being forced by anyone, but himself, for he is the one who chooses not to reveal his secret to the town. Dimmesdalehas a concealed sin that is, eating at him. He just doesn?t have the courage to admit his wrongs. He seems to be a coward during these seven years of living with guilt. There is a scene in chapter 3 where Rev. Dimmesdale states, ?Hester Prynne?If thou feelest it to be for thy soul?s peace, and that thy earthly punishment will thereby be made more effectual to salvation, I charge thee to speak out the name of thy fellow ?sinner and fellow- sufferer! Be not silent from any mistaken pity and tenderness for him; for, believe me, Hester, though he were to step down from a high place, and stand there beside thee on thy pedestal of shame, yet better were it so, than to hide a guilty heart through life? What can thy silence do for him, except it tempt him-yea compel him as it were-to add hypocrisy to sin (73) In this scene it is almost as if we see Dimmesdale speaking as a hypocrite, himself! Dimmesdale portrays himself very ironically. He is a very well respected reverend and yet, has, for the last 7 years, worked on preaching the word of God, especially while he urges the congregation to confess openly to repent unto God. While, in reality, Dimmesdale is the one whoneeds a clean conscious. He feels like he needs to confess not only to the town but also too himself. Halfway through the novel Dimmesdale has yet to reveal the truth, which, so far, has been devouring him, physically and mentally. Since this good reverend is so spiritual, he cannot reveal his truths to the town so simply. He is of the Puritan faith and being a follower of that, the sin of adultery is a very grand sin. The whole town would look down on him as if he were a hypocrite. Which in fact, he is, but his sin of adultery in that town would have been scoffed at just as Hester?s has. The reverend is so well liked by the townsfolk that Hawthorne states, ?They fancied him the mouthpiece of Heaven?s messages of wisdom, rebuke, and love. In their eyes, the very ground on which he trod was sanctified.? ( 139 ) How else can the reverend live without revealing his identity? He has been doing it for seven years, and it must be hard for him, mentally and physically. Mentally, his whole body shuts down because he cannot take it anymore, even though he does not give in to confess yet. He has become emaciated because he has let the sin against himself churn inside and on

botticelli Essays

botticelli Essays botticelli Paper botticelli Paper Botticelli and His Portrayal of Women Botticelli is one of the most famous artists during the Italian Renaissance. He was very well know for the portrayal of the female figure and his ability to incorporate femininity as a symbol of life itself and/or nature illustrated by the changes of seasons. Botticelli most famous figure was that of Venus, the goddess of love. She was incorporated into two of his most famous works, The Birth of Venus and Primavera. Most of Botticellis women had that typical hourglass figure to them . During the time period in which these works were created, women with the physical characteristics of Venus were considered to be the ideal feminine figure. These women were considered to be ideal because during this era, flesh was a symbol of health, wealth, and stability (Sandro , 1). Women of this built were obviously healthy because this showed that they ate well and were thus financially secure. Thin women on the other hand were viewed as being poor and thus u nderfed and unhealthy due to ! lack of funds and hard labor. Also, men viewed Venus (especially her wide hips) to be the perfect figure, because they saw that type of figure to be designed especially for the purposes of child bearing (Turner 151). Venus, the goddess of love, is illustrated in Sandro Botticellis The Birth of Venus, as the ultimate glorification of the female figure, because this painting depicts the beginning of all beginnings, which is the birth of the goddess of love herself. It depicts this image because she is drawn as a pure person, not knowing much about what is happening. Botticelli does not show any signs of disrespect towards women. In fact in this painting, even though the goddess is Rizzo 2 nude, he depicts her in such a fashion that shows she has self-confidence and lack of embarrassment. The arm that covers her breasts and the log hair covering the genitals is how she is preventing he

Bose stadium sound system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Bose stadium sound system - Essay Example Bose stadium sound systems are designed to strengthen audio sounds with a centre field focus. The highest amount of sound is transmitted to the spectators seated at the farthest end of the stadium, there is less need for external source of sound since Bose systems can easily relay waves to the different corners of the stadium. An analysis of Bose systems requires that a measurable and quantifiable quality and details of the venue be first entered into the Bose modeler software. Therefore it is important to first of all find the model that best suits the type of stadium before installing it (BOSE UNITED STATES). Sound is the key aspect in a stadium that makes a game interesting, spectators want to hear what the commentator is saying to better experience the game, when the people cannot hear from the speakers they become frustrated and no longer enjoy the game. This is where Bose sound systems come in since it amplifies sound to the farthest corner, music and comments can be heard quickly enhancing the reaction of the

Advertisement Techniques Used in a Nivea Visage DNAge Cell Renewal Essay

Advertisement Techniques Used in a Nivea Visage DNAge Cell Renewal Cream Print Ad - Essay Example Some advertisements are even used in movies through the form of covert advertisements. Current trends in product lines are leaning towards skin care and health products that claim to offer its consumers the technological and innovative breakthrough in science that is capable of maintaining youthfulness and eliminating the signs of aging. Several anti-ageing products are available in the market, each of which employs different advertising strategies to pursued consumers to try their products. This paper will mainly focus on a print ad released by the Nivea for the advertising campaign of its brand of anti-ageing cream, the Nivea DNAge cell renewal cream. The paper will employ a contextual analysis of the advertisement aiming to examine the techniques used and discuss the textual and visual arguments that are implied by the ad. Analysis on how the ad creates meaning through language, typography, colour and image will be observed. The target market of the product, as well as its represe ntation of gender, class, race and age will also be determined. Language techniques are used in advertisements to target a specific sector of consumers. Skin care products, specifically anti-aging products, tend to capture western and oriental consumers through the use of specific keywords that can gain the interests of individuals. By analysing the details of the Nivea Visage DNAge cell renewal cream, shown in Figure 1, it can be inferred that the language techniques of using personal pronoun, jargon, and repetition was used (Lapsanska 2006). The large text in the advertisement, presented as OUR REVOLUTION IN ANTI-AGEING, uses the personal pronoun Our. Pronouns such as I, me, my, you, yours, your, we, us, our, they, them and their are commonly used in advertisements to address the reader. This technique has the effect of placing the readers in a particle position that they are part of the product, encouraging them to purchase and try the product. Using personal pronouns exploits th e fact that skin care products are personal items and by associating them with the readers, a relationship is built between that can result to a higher chance of persuasion. For instance, the use of Our in the DNAge advertisement establishes a relationship to readers that suggests an affirmation of trust with the product (Lapsanska 2006). In addition, personal pronouns can also be used as a conjunction to other language techniques including imperatives, emotive words and slogans. This is shown in Figure 1 as the bulleted texts in the lower part of the image. Emotive words and slogans tend to suggest to the readers that they have the power against aging and can also be used to reinforce the fear of aging by suggesting words such as Firms and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles and Reduces damage caused by external influences. The success of this type of technique is that the readers’ emotional appeals are being directly involved with the language of the advertisem ent (Lapsanska 2006). Jargons are mainly used in advertisement to generate supporting details for the product that is associated with logic and evidence. This technique provides the readers a notion that the product has scientific backing. The brand name Nivea’s anti-aging cream uses an approach of neologism, by combining the terms DNA for Deoxyribonucleic Acid and Age. This suggests to readers that the formulation of the product is highly scientific and that it offers treatment for problems related to aging. By using the term DNA, the product projects a tone of professionalism and thus making it seem more reliable

Analysis of The Brief Wonderous Life of Oscar Wao Essay - 1

Analysis of The Brief Wonderous Life of Oscar Wao - Essay Example Until he met a lady in Santo Domingo, that alters his destination. To trace back the origin of Oscar, his mother migrated to America to escape from the painful memories of the past. The fuku haunts every family member, which leads to the death of Oscar Wao. This paper aims to analyse the connection of Caribbean history and Dominican identity with the character of Oscar as a nigger. The history of Caribbean is a mixture of different culture that is rooted from the era of colonialism. The first settlers are the native Indians called Taino. Diaz (2007) mentions that Spaniards execute genocide, or the killing of race in the Dominican Republic (p. 212). Taino’s population decreases after the European navigator -- Christopher Columbus, discovered the West Indies when he mistakenly assumed that he reached the west part of Asia. In search for gold, the European occupied the place and abused the naivety of native people. After the reduction of Taino’s population, Spaniards gathered Africans from South Africa to become their slave on the mining industry. The Spaniards shifted to sugar cane plantation due to the obliteration of the gold’s supply. Moreover, the women suffered from sexual assault that results to mestizo children. The culture of Dominican changed after the Spaniards surrendered them to France, which occupied Haiti, but Spain recovered i ts sovereignty to Dominicans in 1861. Fortunately, the Dominican gained its freedom from the Spaniard but later occupied by the United States (Shifflette, 2010, pp. 4-7). Diaz’s novel highlights the reign of Trujillo in the Dominican Republic. Trujillo uses the military forces to coerce the Dominicans to vote him. He became the President that marked the Trujillo era. Although the root of Trujillo came from the Black African, his mindset is similar with the United States and Spain. He ordered for the elimination of black people to whiten the Dominican Republic. Shifflette

The Truth Of The Ideal Woman

The Truth Of The Ideal Woman This essay goes into a topic that is unaware to the majority of society. It goes to the roots of how society views women and it reveals the secrets of why women act, look, and think a certain way. This essay explains how the media is forcing women of all ages to conform to one image. It explains how stressful this is to a female and that they will go to great lengths, subconsciously or not, to fulfill the image that the media wants each woman to conform to. This essay goes into examples such as propaganda, the work place, raising children, a womans assumed role, womens health and even products a woman may buy to uphold the medias image. The media wants women to fulfill this perfect image, to do this a woman will think of herself differently, treat others differently, and overall this whole perfect image causes a chain reaction to our society and the way society views women, thus greatly affecting how women act, think, and look to fit this perfect image. Behind the Truth of the Ideal Woman Media shapes the way females think and act in society. One study reports that at age thirteen, 53% of American girls are unhappy with their bodies. This grows to 78% by the time girls reach seventeen.(National Institute, 2010) Physiologically, these young women wish their bodies were different. This drastically increases between ages thirteen to seventeen when a girl is first judged by their appearance. The media is constantly forcing females of all ages to conform to this perfect woman image. The media depicts females to have a certain body type, attitude, and it determines a womans future life goals. The media forces women to think, act and look a certain way. Women are given specific roles that are determined by the media. A womans first role is to be a caretaker; this idea is thrust upon us by the media. If a female is acting like a tom-boy it is frowned upon by society because of the way media exposes the perfect woman. This has been escalated ever since the end of World War II. The popular media (television, movies, magazines, etc.) have, since World War II, increasingly held up a thinner and thinner body image as the ideal for women.(Teen Health and the Media, 2010) The thin body image for women has been reintroduced into society and makes a womans image all she is and how she will represent her family. At this time physical and social appearances defined who you are and how your family was going to be represented. During WWII women got to have jobs to help their country, but once it ended every woman wanted to be her own provider, which was frowned upon because it was masculine, but, after WWII the perfect woman image was born puttin g pressure on the way society views women and their actions. Society believes that a woman must always be neat, at home, rested, etc. Just the thought of being grungy/dirty or any kind of hard labor was frowned upon and viewed as tom-boy like behavior. In a situation where a woman is successful in the working world we view it as if she cheated to get her way on top. Why, because media influences the way we view woman, even to this day. This causes us to treat men and woman differently because we subconsciously believe what the media is telling us. Subconsciously, we believe that what ever he media says must be true or have some truth to it. We do not care where they got their information we just believe it. It sculpts the way all females think and/or act. Media portrays woman as caretakers. For centuries woman have always trained their daughters to be like them so they can take care of their own families. As Kuperberg and Stone explain; During the past two decades, the media depiction of women in general, while in some ways reflecting the reality of changes in their labor force participation, continues to focus on traditional roles and is increasingly pervaded by an individualistic rhetoric of choice. The media depiction of motherhood remains highly traditional. It is against this backdrop that we explore images about women whose actions signify a return to the traditional family form of male breadwinner-stay-at-home mother. (Kuperberg, Stone, 2008) Society views women to have their family as top priority and if anything else gets in the way is must be put aside until their initial duty is completed. We have these cultural universals that the media forces society to be more sensitive toward woman and to give men tough love. If a girl fell and scraped her knee, one would aid her and talk to her as if she has no idea what to do; where as, if a boy scraped his knee one would give him tough love and tell him to suck it up. This trains a girl to be dependant on a provider and makes her learn that if someone needs help she will need to take care of them. We feel this way because the media wants all females to lean towards the traditional choice, to take care of others and to keep the females role at home. Any other kind of depiction of a females role is frowned upon. Mothers want to be good mothers in as many ways possible; one subconscious standard is to raise their children right. This pushes the stay-at-home or traditional view of a mother. Mothers then give more face time to their daughters to instill the same impression media shows society. By giving daughters more social activity it will stimulate the brain more frequently. If a mother has a baby girl she gives that girl more face-to-face time, if they have a baby boy, subconsciously they get less face-to-face time. This small social action a mother gives their child affects the way the think and act. This affects a girls brain drastically helping them throughout their life with social/group activities, in school and outside of school, with hands on problems. Boys on the other hand, learn to function on their own and be independent and are better at more seldom activities like math. (Money, 1972) Women, they say, learn early in life that female accomplishment brings few rewards. In some cases, women cannot be creative because they are discriminated against. In other instances, a womans creativity may well be blunted by fear of nonconformity, failure or even success itself. Unlike men, Kagan says, women are trained to have strong anxiety about being wrong. (Money, 1972) John Money is quoting Dr. Kagan, in which, Kagan is explaining how females are discouraged to be on their own and to depend on a provider to help them with their problems, thus showing the lack of creativity and showing how females are trained to follow directions or do as they are told, thus instilling the traditional role as a caretaker and to depend on a provider. Many mothers say that they do not favor either sex of their children but subconsciously they do because they are more social and compassionate with their daughters, they sympathize with them and guide them to be good mothers because as media has shown, a womans initial role is to be a caretaker. Studies also find that the messages conveyed in print media aimed at adolescent girls are traditional, emphasizing womens subordination to men, the centrality of heterosexual relationships, and the reinforcement of gender-segregated occupational stereotypes. (Kuperberg, Stone, 2008) The media is expressing how woman need to be at home helping and to do as their provider says. The media is brainwashing our society, especially our youth, to think that this stay-at-home traditional role is the only role for females and that it should be followed as tradition states. The media is convincing our youth to continue this cycle and to carry on in the desired perfect woman fashion. The media instills this idea that women are only to be caretakers and to train their daughters to do the same and to follow tradition. The media has suppressed womens voices all around the world. For decades a womans voice was ignored and never important. The media portrayed the perfect woman as the perfect housewife, nothing more. The medias ideal perfect woman is the 50s-60s domestic housewife, even though the styles have drastically changed over the years the media still stresses how important the stay-at-home mom is and how important a womans image and/or reputation should be. A womans role was to take care of the house and family, their opinions never mattered and if they spoke against their spouse then they were ridiculed and punished for speaking out of term. A perfect housewife would always be neat, organized, nice, thin, and was always cleaning, baking, or perfecting her image to fit the description. A housewife was never sloppy, or overworked. They only spoke when spoken to or if it was appropriate, they never used vulgar or inappropriate language. This why being a tom-boy was frowned upon. Being a tom-boy meant that a girl didnt care about how they looked, acted, and would do reckless and daring things. These tom-boy actions break this perfect image and who ever acted this way would be ridiculed by peers because they did not fit the medias standards. Girls were never allowed to play co-ed sports for a long time or sports that were originally designed for just men, such as basketball, baseball, and flag football. Today it is more widely accepted to be a tom-boy but it is still frowned upon if a girl acts like a boy. Girls are viewed to never roughhouse or to have outbursts because only rough boys do that, and their excuse is boys will be boys. Females then found a way around the physical actions to get what they wanted or to express how they felt. The media has forces females to be manipulative to attack others to get what they wanted to preserve their perfect woman image. This is where females bullying was always overlooked because it was never physical, it was purely emotional and manipulation. They [boys] dont care if they got in trouble, but girls dont want anyone to know they got into trouble, Maura said. Girls worry about how they are going to look.'(Simmons, 2003) These girls know that their image is defined by their actions so they fear that if they do get in trouble then their reputation will be ruined. The media puts pressure on these girls to be perfect and without flaws and if they were caught doing something bad then it would be the end of their perfect image. At this age their perfect image is everything; to lose this would be mortifying. These girls, who are only in middle school, are trapped in a vicious cy cle that the media portrays to our society, especially our youth. The media has shaped different looks and attitudes for certain age groups. For example, these girls that Simmons has interviewed are only in middle school. The media wants every young girl to be sugar spice and everything nice. They must act and dress a certain way. For clothing they only have girly choices and to be completely covered and modest. Any other kind of clothing, such as comfy clothes, is considered tom-boy like and frumpy. At this early age other students pick on who ever this girl may be despite her personality because in middle school image is everything. They are pressured to act this way and anything, such as rough housing/bullying, is frowned upon. These girls feel although they cannot express themselves freely and be themselves because the media wanted them to be perfect angels and to fulfill the single perfect image. They will then resort to manipulating others to channel how they feel. This then c arries on into their futures in high school and their working careers. Media labels women in the working world to be devious, untrustworthy and manipulative. The media makes us feel that having women in the working world is a negative impact and that a womans main job is at home. Support for the traditional male-breadwinner/female-homemaker division of labor declined; however, at no time was a womans career portrayed as more important to her than marriage and family. (Kuperberg, Stone, 2008) A womans working job is never top priority. For a woman to successfully get a promotion before their male competitor, her peers would say that she cheated to get ahead meaning that she most likely slept with or manipulated a superior to get higher up in the working world. This is not always true; media only portrays us to think that. A woman works harder than any man does at a job because it is a male ruling society, women are viewed as less valuable or incapable or doing a good job. This drives women to work harder and to become bullies in the workforce to keep up with the times and to stay on top. Because women, racing to crash the glass ceiling, are still token females around the office, their behavior might be scrutinized far more than a males. If a female has faced difficulties in getting to her position of leadership, she may still face doubts about her staying power in a male-dominated world. So, in a somewhat vicious cycle, such a female may return to that emotional manipulation she picked up at age 4: bullying. (Edmonds, 2010) Women are constantly doing whatever they can to be successful and to continue to be on top, thus resorting to bullying or manipulative actions at times. Media pictures woman to be deceiving or the bad guy in the working world, this is seen in movies and/or T.V. shows which society constantly watches and learns from. A recent movie that depicts the female boss to be an awful person is The Proposal starring Sandra Bullock and Ryan Reynolds. Sandra Bullock plays the pushy cut throat boss that everyone steers clear from and Ryan Reynolds plays her hardworking secretary. This movie is exactly how society views women in the working world. They are viewed as the tough competition. If successful, they are feared by their competitors or employees. In the movie, Bullocks character acts the way she does so that she can stay successful even though the things people say about her are hurtful. She acts like doesnt let it faze her but it truly does. This is what drives her to be so serious, hardwor king, and competitive. Many women in the working world feel as though they should put up this front to be successful. They feel as though they need to manipulate at times and to work twice as hard as men just to stay in the game, let alone trying to be successful. The media makes society view the working woman as a manipulative antagonist in the working world; in reality, the woman is putting up this front to hide her insecurity and to be successful in a working mans world. One may say that the media does not cause women to think and act a certain way but free will and/or choice is a main contributor to the way women think and act. Media sculpts women in a certain image where choices are limited to one category. For example; the ideal image for an eighteen year old woman is to have the following; bust size: 32 inches, waist: 23 inches, hips: 32 inches. This is the portrayed hour glass figure media states for the perfect woman. These women have to pay more money for less clothing. Younger shoppers, ages 18 to 34, are willing to spend more $60 a pair, on average but only one in 10 women say theyve shelled out more than $100 for a pair of jeans.(Kennedy, 2010) Women dont care how much they spend, as long as they fit the image thats all that matters. These women are prepared to spend this kind of money to fit the image the media wants them to fill. The image the media is handing out to our young women, 18 to 34, is skimpy, sexy clothing and a who-cares at titude. The media wants all women of this age group to be sex symbols and to do as they are told, thus preparing them for the new domestic housewife. To get any type of clothing that is comfortable, not revealing, and cheap does not exist. To achieve the respectable desired look they have to spend more money to look appropriately. With the current economy they need to save as much as possible, thus having them to resort to the image the media wants these women to follow. The media wants our youth to become the trophy wives that it has constructed our image to be. These are the only choices they have to choose from, they are still being labeled and sculpted into what ever image the media wants. The media affects each age group differently. For example a young girl in middle school is expected to be nice, sweet, smart, tidy, and above all the perfect child. Any other girl who deviates from this path is seen to be destructive by peers and adults. The adults assume that it is just a phase that a girl is rough housing and hope that she will go back to the perfect angel image. For a high school girl there is more pressure by peers and adults. The young woman is in transition from the perfect angel that the media desires to the promiscuous adult. In high school, every girl wants to be the it girl. The it girl simply means to be perfect in everyway the way the media wants them to be. They want to have that perfect body and the perfect friends and of course the perfect relationship yet, every girl is different physically and emotionally putting even more pressure on these girls to make them into the perfect woman. 90 percent of those who have eating disorders are women between the ages of 12 and 25.(Teen Health and the Media, 2010) These girls resort to hurting themselves to fit the medias standards. Can you imagine a twelve year old restricting herself from eating because she is being made fun of because she dresses like a boy because she cant fit into the clothes that are in or shes just a little over weight? These young women resort to eating disorders to fit the medias standards. They feel as though it is the only way to fit in and to be happy. The media is implanting these thoughts and acts into these young women to fit that on perfect image and to do what ever it takes to get there. Bottom line is that the free will that some may say influences the way women think or act means nothing because the choices they are given is determined by the media itself. These women have no choice but to follow in the cookie cutter image that the media wants them to have. Our societys youth is being forced into one generic style to prepare us for the next step, the traditional role of women. Its sad to think that no one seems to notice that the media is brainwashing our youth to conform into these perfect images and to crush any free will that the growing female may want to express. Work Cited Edmonds, M (2010). Are there differences between male and female bullies?. Discorvery Health, 1(1), 2. Kennedy, L (2010). Women Spend Average of Just $34 on a Pair of Jeans Poll Finds. Retrieved Oct. 25 2010., from http://www.stylelist.com/2010/07/13/women-spend-34-jeans-poll/ Kuperberg, A, Stone, P (2008). The Media Depiction of Women Who Opt Out. Gender Society, 22(4), 20. Money, J (1972). Behavior: Male Female: Differences Between Them. Time, 1. Inline Citation (Money, 1972) National Institute one Media and the Family, (2010). Body Image Nutrition- Fun Facts. Retrieved Oc. 25 2010., from http://depts.washington.edu/thmedia/view.cgi?section=bodyimagepage=fastfacts Simmons, R (2003). Odd Girl Out. Orlando, Florida: Harcourt, Inc..

Art and Nature in Shakespeares The Tempest Essay -- Tempest essays

     Ã‚   Shakespeare is one of the greatest artists the human race has ever produced.   In the Tempest, he decides to determine which is more powerful – art or nature?   He symbolizes art through civilization and nature through man and his natural place on Earth.   Through the plot, Shakespeare reveals his own beliefs concerning which force is greater.   The Tempest shows the respectable differences between art and nature, but eventually concedes that art is weaker and must bend itself to nature. In The Tempest, Shakespeare’s Prospero has gotten himself into trouble by entertaining an insatiable thirst for knowledge.   Prospero’s downfall was brought about because he valued knowledge and art over pure power.   Through Prospero, Shakespeare questions the validity of man’s quest for art and beauty.   However, the question is resolved in the end of the play when Prospero once again becomes a Duke, doing so through art.   In this, Shakespeare shows that art is in fact useful.   In the beginning, art is questioned, but in the end it proves to be Prospero’s most powerful saving grace, all the while ultimately bowing to nature.   Shakespeare presents the influences of both nature and art throughout the play, ultimately with nature prevailing.   The tempest he creates in the first act, the anchor that sets into motion the events of the play, is wholly dependent on nature's own capacities.   Ariel stirs up the winds and sea to fr... ...ween nature and art.   He is careful not to dismiss art as unworthy simply by being the weaker force, but rather regards it as a unique force that must succumb to that which is superior. Shakespeare's stance on the subject of art versus nature is aesthetic, allowing both forces to compete equally, yet ending with the ultimate success of nature.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bibliography Meller, A., Moon, G.T. Literary Shakespeare Sydney: Canon Publications 1993. Lecture on "The Tempest" C. Holmes 1988. Shakespeare, W. The Tempest. Ed. Sutherland, J.R. 1990. Mikhail M. Morozor, The Individualization of Shakespeare's Characters through Imagery", Shakespeare Survey. 1989. "Tempest & Court Masques" By H. C. Sherwood

Gender Wage Discrimination in Pakistan

| Gender Wage Discrimination in Pakistan| Evidence from Pakistan 2008/09 and 2010/11| | | | Table of Contents Introduction2 Literature Review2 Methodology3 Variables Used – Characteristics of Workers5 Results7 Discussion7 Bibliography8 Appendix A9 Selectivity Bias Logit Regression Results:9 Introduction This paper explores the dynamics of gender wage discrimination in Pakistan for two data sets; Labour Force Survey for the year 2008/09 and 2010/11. We will explore whether or not women are discriminated against, as it has been suggested for a predominantly Islamic country like Pakistan.Labour theory addresses many reasons for wage discrimination. For the purposes of this research we will concentrate on ‘employer wage discrimination’. Following this our research will be aimed at discovering if women are paid less than their male counter-parts especially with the same set of characteristics. For this purpose we will use the Oaxaca-Blinder method to calculate the coef ficient for discrimination across genders. Literature Review The basis of this paper is the work done by Oaxaca and Blinder in 1973 about wage discrimination models.In the paper ‘Interpreting the Decomposition of the Gender Earnings Gap’ (Giaimo R. 2007) this method has been applied to find out how different characteristics change the discriminatory behaviour of employers in Italy. Oaxaca’s method for calculating discrimination was further adapted in the paper ‘Gender Wage Discrimination at Quantiles’ (Javier Gardeazabal 2005), and was used to calculate discrimination coefficients for quintiles. In a study conducted in India (Tilak 1980), it was found that the incidence of unemployment was higher for women than for men with the same characteristics.In this study the only characteristic that was taken was education. This is a different angle to look at discrimination from what this paper will do. Rather than looking at the unemployed, this paper will see the women in the labour force and if they face discrimination with respect to their wages. However, the underlying aim and also the hypothesis formed are the same. The paper ‘Wage Differentials and Gender Discrimination: Changes in Sweden 1981-98’ (Mats Johansson 2005) explored the wage gaps between men and women in Sweden.They found that the wage gap was 14%-18% during the 1990’s. Their study also indicated that this difference could not be explained by applying the job requirements and qualifications to women’s wage function. The conclusion was that there is undoubtedly some other factors other than the characteristics of the workers that determined the wages in the Labour Market. Methodology This paper calculated a coefficient for Gender Wage Discrimination from the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition. D= Xf? m-Bf+ ? m(Xm-Xf) Here ‘? ’ is a vector of characteristics of workers.Therefore, the first part of the equation shows the wage differenti al between males and females on the basis of characteristics. Second part of the equation normalizes characteristics, for females in this instance, and then subtracts the wage differential based on characteristics, to give us the overall differential based on discrimination. As a control, we also work out the converse of this Oaxaca Blinder Decomposition as follows; D= Xm? m-Bf+ ? f(Xm-Xf) To control for selectivity bias, we have also used the ‘Heckman Procedure’.A multi-variable Logit model was run and three variables (Lambda1, Lambda 2 and Lambda3) were calculated to act as control for variables missed in our model. This discrimination coefficient has been calculated for two data sets using characteristics such as age, marital status, education level, province, region, professional trainings and status in the family. These characteristics have been selected after being shown significant as the determinant of wage. Natural log of wages was the dependant variable in the following regression; Table [ 1 ]: Wage Determinants – LFS 2008/09Table [ 2 ]: Wage Determinants – LFS 2010/11 Our results are much better for the data set of 2010/11. The signs of education are expected. For the data set of 2008/09, signs for education are positive which does not support theory. Even after efforts to remove multi-colinearity, they still show positive signs. Most of the variables in the regression are also insignificant. However, when we take the data for LFS 2010/11, and correct it for selectivity bias, we get much better results. Most of the variables are significant as well as show the correct signs. The same algorithm was applied to both the data sets, and the same variables have been taken). Results of Logit models for correcting selectivity bias are attached in Appendix A. Variables Used – Characteristics of Workers Summary tables from LFS 2010/11 1. Age * Theory suggests that this is one of the most important determinants of peopleâ€⠄¢s decision to work. 2. Marital Status * This variable was taken as a dummy variable in the regression. * It is a significant variable in the decision to work, especially in developing economies like Pakistan. 3. Province This is also taken as a dummy. The Baluchistan province was omitted from this analysis. However, the calculations of the Oaxaca Blinder method take this omitted variable into account. This is because the method takes the vectors of the estimated regression equation. 4. Region * Whether a person is from a Rural or urban background has impact on the opportunities and the job growth pattern. 5. Education Level * This is linked directly with the variable wage. * This is again taken as a dummy variable, and higher education was omitted from the regression. 6. Migration (Rural-Urban) Although not a very significant variable in our regression, there are other empirical studies that have shown how the migrated families have better opportunities for work than those who do not. 7. Literacy * This is a dummy variable, and is significant in our analysis. 8. Selectivity Bias Variables * These are Lambda’s in the model. And have been calculated using the Heckman Procedure for controlling selectivity bias. Results To find the discrimination coefficient a matrix exercise was done in Stata using the data from LFS 2007/08. This presented the following equation; D= Xf? m-Bf+ ? Xm-Xf D=10. 030812+-7. 4166332 D= 2. 614212 The discrimination coefficient for LFS 2010/11 was calculated as follows: D= Xm? m-Bf+ ? fXm-Xf D=0. 11964462+0. 31341527 D= 0. 43305989 Just looking at the numbers we can say that discrimination have gone down significantly over the last two years. Whether this is actually the case, or this is just due to the problems in the data, we cannot be sure. However, we think that the result for 2010/11 is a better estimate overall. The results show that women are at a significant disadvantage in Pakistan’s Labour Force. These results are quite expected.However, we also need to take the problems in data collection and measurement into account. Many of the cottage and small scale industries are not counted in the LFS and they are a prime source of employment for women in Pakistan. Discussion There are many limitations of this study. First of all this can be made more powerful if panel data is used, however, there are no sources of such data. Secondly, an easy method of expanding this study would be to do an inter year comparative study. There are more limitations that are related directly to the data that we have used.Many questions have been raised about the methodology and the authenticity of the data in Labour Force Survey of Pakistan. However, this limitation is beyond our control. There have also been questions raised about the Oaxaca-Blinder method of calculating wage discrimination. While we have attempted to review paper that have used this technique and have achieved good results, there are still many questi ons about the technique, still. There are few policy implications that we can derive from these results, especially if we look at the significance levels in the data for 2008/09.However, this paper does prove to some extent that there is a problem of gender wage discrimination is Pakistan. We can attribute a lot of this to social factors as well; women do not want to work in most professions, so we can also argue that there may be a case for discrimination by the employees rather than the employers. Bibliography Giaimo R. , Bono F. , Lo Magno G. L. â€Å"Interpreting the Decomposition of the Gender Earning Gap. † University of Palermo Journal, 2007. International Standard Industrial Classification of all Economic Activities (ISIC-Rev. 2, 1968). ILO. 2012. http://laborsta. lo. org/applv8/data/isic2e. html (accessed 2012). Javier Gardeazabal, Arantza Ugidos. â€Å"Gender Wage Discrimination at Quantiles. † Journal of Population Economics, 2005. Mats Johansson, Katarina K atz, Hakan Nyman. â€Å"Wage Differentials and Gender Discrimination: Changes in Sweden 1981-98. † Acta Sociologica, 2005. Stat. Stata. 2012. http://www. stata. com/meeting/5german/SINNING_stata_presentation. pdf. Tilak, Jandhyala B. G. â€Å"Education and Labour Market Discrimination. † Indian Journal of Industrial Relations , 1980. Appendix A Selectivity Bias Logit Regression Results: LFS 2008/09 LFS 2010/11

Chernobyl

Chernobyl ChernobylChernobyl was a nuclear power plant in the Soviet Union that had the biggest power plant disaster in history. I was to young to remember what was said about the accident, but I have heard some of reports that just take a glimpse at what happened, but I did not really get all that much information about it. They did not go into detail at all and just stated a few facts so it was not very helpful to me.What really happened at Chernobyl? Why did the accident really happen? There are many reasons that caused the incident and I want to find out why the accident really happened.There were news reports on what happened, that I did not get to see, but I am interested in what happened. It is interesting to me because I do not know how such a great power could let such a deadly accident happen, especially the biggest nuclear accident in history.English: Dog with dipygus - Kiev - Ukrainian Natio...Then the scientists waited twelve hours while reducing the power until it was at 50% of n ormal. Now that the power was lower the Number Two turbine was switched off because it was not needed to take in the smaller amount of steam.Normally during the test the power would have been further reduced to 30% but the Soviet Power Authority would not allow this because of the vast amount of electricity needed to power that part of Ukraine. On April 26 at 12:28 AM the staff received permission to resume the reactor power reduction. But one of the operators made a fatal mistake. He forgot to reset a controller that would have kept the power at 30% of normal. This caused the power to fall to 1% and water started to fill the core, also xenon, which is a...

7 Things You Should Never Wear on a Job Interview

7 Things You Should Never Wear on a Job Interview Unless you’re applying for a position at Vogue, your ensemble should be a low-stress decision. If you stick to some evergreen rules about what to do (and what not to do), you’ll ensure that you look sharp, without your clothes taking any of the thunder away from your sparkling resume and skills. Here are seven things not to wear on interview day.1. Clothes that don’t fit.If you’re swimming in your power suit, it can make you look a little like a kid playing dress-up. If your outfit is several sizes too small, it can distract from the discussion at hand- and maybe even emphasize some, uh, attributes that really shouldn’t be on the table in a professional job interview. Make sure your clothes fit you as you are. If you can’t afford a new interview outfit, don’t stress- there are relatively inexpensive tailoring options that can make your lucky blazer fit again, or hem those pants so that you’re not tripping over the ends.2. Clothe s that are super-casual.Even if you know ahead of time that the company where you’re interviewing is super cazh, you should still err on the side of formality for your interview outfit. Never wear flip-flops, a hat, jeans, a t-shirt, or anything with an obvious brand written on it. You’ll have plenty of time to wear your casual gear later if the office dress code is laid-back. As for the brands, the only brand you want to be shilling for is you.3. Inappropriate clothing.If it’s low-cut, just say no. If it’s close to that line, find another shirt. You don’t want to spend the interview worrying that if you shift just a little, your neckline might slip down into â€Å"too much skin† territory. The same goes for clothes that are too tight- you want to keep the attention on your resume, not on your risquà ©.4. Clothes that show off your tattoos.For many people, tattoos are in a private (or at least covered by clothing) spot, and it’s a no n-issue. However, if you have one in an area like your lower arm or leg, cover it for the interview. You never know if you’ll be meeting with someone who’s on the conservative side, or sees it as enough to affect their view of you. This doesn’t mean you should necessarily be ashamed of your sweet â€Å"MOM† ink†¦but an interview just isn’t the right showcase. Again, it shifts focus and discussion away from the professional and into the personal.5. Too many accessories.Do you really need that scarf and patterned headband and all of the bracelets in your jewelry box? Short answer: no. Accessories are a great way to show a bit of personality and style sense, but try to limit it to one or two pieces that flow quietly with your outfit.6. High-volume colors.The best overall color palette for your interview outfit(s) is dark and/or neutral. You can still use accent colors, but again- you don’t want your clothes doing the talking for you. The b right plaid tie may be the â€Å"in† color in Esquire this month for its ironic kitsch, but go with the understated version for your interview.7. Clothes that are dirty or ripped.Above all, you should look neat for your interview. If possible, get your clothes dry-cleaned before interview day. But even if you’re doing it at home, make sure you give everything a once-over for stains, little rips, or other imperfections that could ding your composed image while you’re interviewing.Dressing for success doesn’t necessarily require a ton of money- just care and attention that let your best self show through.

Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Proposal - Essay Example As such, the SNS developers have to develop strategies that will attract more people. It is clear that people would prefer to work with SNSs that meet their current needs and those that have a personalized interaction. According to Romm-Livermore and Setzekorn (2009) one of the main factor that drives people into social network services is the connection the service creates with other people from all over the world. In addition to this, Caviglione et al. (2013) say that people are more attracted to a social network service if it is able to meet their needs and help them solve the needs. With this understanding, the following research work takes a closer look at some of the determinants of user acceptance of a social network services. As stated earlier, there are multiple SNS platforms out therefore but the main difference among them is the number of people who have signed up for the services. This aims to establish the main factors that drive people into particular SNS and not any other. The last decade has seen a dramatic take over by the Social Network Services and slowly, the industry has been dominated with more and more platform. However, there is a significance difference in terms of the number of user in each platform. By considering this, there are two categories; one group made up of the highest number and the second group of platforms that are almost unknown and have very few people. Matejic (2015) raises concern on the dominance of Facebook and twitter over the rest of the social media platforms. This raises the question as to what really drives people into these platforms. In addition to this, it is important to analyze the impacts of the Social Network Services to the society in general. In this, both the benefits and the negative impacts should be considered. According to SeÃŒ nac et al. (2013) there is

Health Promotion in Hillfields Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health Promotion in Hillfields - Assignment Example Impact assessment can be a very suitable and feasible method of evaluation of lifestyle and health outcomes as a result of social policy and planning interventions. It is defined as a method through which identification of the consequences of a social health intervention, current or proposed can be accomplished (Mindell and Joffe, 2003). Most of such interventions are designed as a project or a programme guided by policies. The process of impact assessment determines its viability, acceptability, and sustainability (Lock and McKee, 2005). In this assignment, the profiling of Hillfields has been presented. Hiilfields is a suburban area of Coventry in England, located north of the Coventry City Centre. Since postwar times, this area has undergone several changes. The development of health was a concern as the town started developing beyond its limits. Since 1849, the health of this area was the responsibility of the Local Board of Health. Since this locality was building postwar, this was one of the localities for new houses and villas, which led to considerable expansion of the geographical limits of this area. It is to be noted that from the beginning there was a tradition of high standard of living in the locality of Hillfields in comparison to the slums of Coventry. The motor industry started to flourish, and as of now, there were 20 motor industries in the locality, and since 1930s, Singer became the largest manufacturer with operations at 5 locations. World War II saw deterioration, and housing was the area that was hot in a big way. Town and Country Planning act 1944, declared the locality to be an area of comprehensive development since more than half of the houses were unfit to be used. The 1960s saw redevelopment of the area with proper planning of housing and development (Hillfields Health Development Project). Although tower blocks had been made, now there is a programme to modernise and change the existing older houses. Although residents had been provided with a budget for improving environment and housing, the area of need is still under development. The grants are now only restricted to those who need them most. This in itself is a point of need, and there are still deficits in housing and environment, which need to be worked on. Housing is a broader consequence of lifestyle that needs to be evaluated prospectively, retrospectively and concurrently, and it has impact on life style and health outcomes. Thus there is a need for concrete social policy and planning interventions since problems with housing given its growing population in Hillfields may affect the health of the population (Kemm, 2001). The industry around Hillfields decides is economy, but current data states that Hillfields has a slightly higher rate of employment deprivation that the city average. Even now, this area was considered to be one of the red light areas. Law enforcement keeps a constant watch over this issue, and now the scope of sex working has constricted considerably. The health of Hillfields is guided by Hillfields Health Action Group. They meet on a monthly basis in the community venues with the aim of providing supports for all health initiatives that the local projects can deliver. On closer examination, people in Hillfields die 8 years younger than the other affluent localities.